Reverse Osmosis Membrane (RO)
Purifying water through pressure-driven separation.
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Proven, Reliable, High-performance water purification
Compared to traditional filtration technologies that rely on a screen or filter to remove particles, reverse osmosis (RO) is a pressure-driven separation process that employs a semipermeable membrane and the principles of crossflow filtration.
Reverse osmosis water treatment provides the finest level of filtration. The RO membrane acts as a barrier to all salts and inorganic molecules, as well as organic molecules with a molecular weight greater than approximately 100. It is therefore a highly effective process for removing contaminants such as:
- Endotoxins/pyrogens.
- Insecticides/pesticides.
- Herbicides.
- Antibiotics.
- Nitrates.
- Sugars.
- Soluble salts.
- Metal ions.
See more details about reverse osmosis water treatment.
Overcoming osmotic pressure
Typically, reverse osmosis water treatment results in a rejection of dissolved salts that is 95 – 99 percent or greater, depending on membrane type, feed composition, temperature, and system design.
Reverse osmosis water treatment can provide finer filtration than either nanofiltration or ultrafiltration. Using RO as a pretreatment process for ion exchange (IX) can substantially reduce the operating costs and regeneration frequency of the IX system.
Typical applications include:
- Purification of home drinking water.
- Desalination of seawater or brackish water to produce drinking water.
- Wastewater recovery.
- Food and beverage processing.*
- Biomedical separation.
- Industrial process water treatment.
Maintaining flow and desired results
Precipitate salts and other impurities that a pressurized flow of feedwater forces against a semipermeable RO membrane can clog or “foul” that membrane. This, in turn, can decrease the performance of a reverse osmosis water treatment system overall.
To significantly reduce the rate of membrane fouling, RO elements use crossflow filtration. This process forces lower-concentration water through the RO membrane, while the separated flow of higher-concentration water moves across the surface of the membrane, carrying away the rejected salts and impurities.
In essence, crossflow filtration happens like this: A high-pressure pump continuously pumps feedwater into the element of the reverse osmosis water treatment system. The pressure forces some water to cross the semipermeable RO membrane, resulting in a low-saline or purified product called permeate on one side, and a high-saline or concentrated brine, called concentrate or reject, on the other. A concentrate valve controls the percentage of feedwater that goes to the concentrate stream and the permeate. In the system, the low-saline or purified permeate — the feedwater that has passed through the membrane — remains isolated from the concentrate flow. The concentrate stream removes the concentrate that cannot permeate the membrane and sweeps them out of the system.
Reverse osmosis systems can thus:
- Produce purified water (or permeate) from a feed stream or brine.
- Remove a concentrate (or concentrated brine or reject) from a feed stream.
Depending on the need and application, either the permeate or the concentrate may be the desired product.
Reverse osmosis water treatment can also be used to selectively separate certain ions and molecules, although to a lesser degree than can ion exchange systems.
Influencing factors
RO membrane performance (improvement or degradation) is affected by a number of different factors, including aspects of the feedwater, such as:
- Temperature.
- pH balance.
- Salt concentration.
Normalization calculation tools can help distinguish between the normal, predictable performance changes caused by factors such as those listed above, and deteriorating performance caused by membrane fouling or similar issues.
Other factors influencing RO membrane performance include:
- Operations parameters such as system recovery.
- Concentration polarization.
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Brackish water RO membranes are used to treat brackish water, which is water with a TDS level between 1,000 and 10,000 ppm. Brackish water RO membranes are designed to function at pressures over 200 psi and require more energy than tap water RO membranes. The primary difference between brackish water and seawater is the amount of dissolved salts and solids. The greater the salt content of the water, the higher the pressure or electric power needed to treat the water using membranes.
| Model | BW-2521 | BW-2540 | BW-4021 | BW-4040 | BW-8040 |
| Effective membrane area ft2(m2) | 13(1.2) | 28(2.6) | 36(3.3) | 78(7.2) | 400(37) |
| Average yield GPD(m3/d) | 350(1.3) | 750(2.8) | 900(3.4) | 2500(9.5) | 11000(41.6) |
| Salt rejection(%) | 99 | 99.3 | 99.3 | 99.5 | 99.5 |
| Recovery rate(%) | 15 | 15 | 8 | 15 | 15 |
| Operating pressure psi(Mpa) | 255(1.76) | ||||
| Max.operating pressure psi(Mpa) | 600(4.14) | ||||
The low-pressure(LP) series is an aromatic polyamide composite membrane element used for desalination of medium and low concentration brackish water. It has the characteristics of high desalination rate and large flux. It can be widely used in municipal water supply, surface water reuse, coal chemical industry, and thermal power generation boiler supply. Water, food industry water, textile printing and dyeing, electroplating industry and other fields.
| Model | LP-2521 | LP-2540 | LP-4021 | LP-4040 | LP-8040 | LP-8040-440 |
| Effective membrane area ft2(m2) | 13(1.2) | 28(2.6) | 36(3.3) | 78(7.2) | 400(37) | 440(41) |
| Average yield GPD(m3/d) | 350(1.3) | 750(2.8) | 900(3.4) | 2500(9.5) | 11000(41.6) | 12000(45) |
| Salt rejection(%) | 98.5 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 |
| Recovery rate(%) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Operating pressure psi(Mpa) | 150(1.03) | |||||
| Max.operating pressure psi(Mpa) | 600(4.14) | |||||
The ultra-low(ULP) pressure series optimizes the membrane manufacturing process and has higher water flux and salt rejection rate than the previous generation, as well as better pollution resistance. This membrane element is suitable for desalination and deep treatment of low-salt raw water such as surface water, underground water, tap water, etc. with a salt content of less than 1000ppm. It can achieve high water production under extremely low operating pressure or small membrane area, and can It is widely used in the second stage of wastewater recycling, drinking water purification of various scales, boiler feed water and other fields. It is also an ideal choice in the field of municipal water supply treatment using surface water and well water as water sources.
| Model | XLE-2521 | XLE-2540 | XLE-4021 | XLE-4040 | XLE-8040 | XLE-8040-440 |
| Effective membrane area ft2(m2) | 13(1.2) | 28(2.6) | 36(3.3) | 78(7.2) | 400(37) | 440(41) |
| Average yield GPD(m3/d) | 350(1.3) | 750(2.8) | 900(3.4) | 2500(9.5) | 11000(41.6) | 12000(45) |
| Salt rejection(%) | 98.5 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 |
| Recovery rate(%) | 8 | 15 | 8 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Operating pressure psi(Mpa) | 110(0.76) | |||||
| Max.operating pressure psi(Mpa) | 600(4.14) | |||||
Products
FAQ
Everything you want to know about CM is here
Always a pre-production sample before mass production;
Always final Inspection before shipment;
In normal operation, the membrane surface in RO elements can become fouled by mineral scale, biological matter, colloidal particles and insoluble organic constituents. Deposits build up on the membrane surfaces during operation until they cause loss in normalized permeate flow and/or loss of normalized salt rejection.
Elements should be cleaned whenever any of the following conditions occur:
· the normalized permeate flow drops by >=10%
· the normalized salt passage increases by >=10%
· the normalized differential pressure (feed pressure minus concentrate pressure) increases by >= 15% from the reference condition established during the first 48 h of operation.
If cleaning is delayed, system performance recovery may be less effective.
To improve the efficiency of reverse osmosis systems, methods such as optimizing pre-treatment processes to reduce suspended matter and particle content in the source water and minimize membrane fouling; adjusting operational parameters like pressure, flow rate, and temperature to achieve optimal filtration results; regularly cleaning and replacing filters and membrane elements to keep the equipment in good condition; and selecting high-performance reverse osmosis membrane materials to enhance membrane permeability and anti-fouling capabilities can be adopted.
The service life of a reverse osmosis membrane depends on several factors, including water quality, pressure, temperature, and usage frequency. Generally speaking, the lifespan of residential reverse osmosis membranes is about 3-5 years, while industrial membranes may require more frequent replacement and maintenance.
Reverse osmosis systems need regular filter replacement and membrane element cleaning to maintain their good filtration performance. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the system’s pressure and flow are within the design requirements to avoid damage due to improper operation.
Reverse osmosis systems need regular filter replacement and membrane element cleaning to maintain their good filtration performance. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the system’s pressure and flow are within the design requirements to avoid damage due to improper operation.
Application
Municipal Sewage
Energy Industry
Chemical Industry
Seawater Desalination
Drinking
